Education
- 1982-1988 Ph. D. in Comparative Literature, University of Massachusetts, Amherst,U.S.A. ;
- 1980-1982 Ph.D. candidate in English Literature, Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario, Canada ; course average : A+ ; transferred to a more interdisciplinary program at Amherst ;
- 1978-1980 Master of Arts (M.A.) in English Literature, University of Saskatchewan, Canada ; Honours ;
- 1973-1977 Licence in Germanic Philology (English Major; Dutch Minor), University of Liège, Belgium.
- 1977-1978 Agrégation E.S.S., University of Liège, Belgium.
Other Qualifications
- 1993 Third-Year Certificate in Modern Arabic, Ucatholique de Louvain [UCL], Belgium;
- 1989-1991 First- and Second-Year Certificate in Modern Arabic, ULiège, Belgium;
- 1990 Belgian Equivalency Degree : " Docteur en Philosophie et Lettres " ;